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1.Answer- It can increase with afferent arteriolar vasodilation.
Glomerular filtration rate creates the pressure gradients and the osmotic gradient is developed by the nephron tubules.The glomerular filtration rate is the flow of plasma through the glomerulus.The glomerular filtration rate is calculated based on amount of creatinine.
2.cotransport means that the molecule moves across the apical and basolateral membranes.
The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is involved in reabsorption of water, ions, glucose ,amino acids.It occurs through the basolateral that faces interstitium and apical membrane that faces the lumen.The basolateral side of PCT uses the 3 Na+-2 K+ ATPase for the efflux of the intercellular sodium ions (active transport).On the apical side, the Na+ enters to the cell influenced by the electrochemical gradient.The clearing of the blood molecules is facilitated by the glomerulus.
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