Answers
1. For the optic knockout, in species V. cardui butterfly, the orange color is not present in the wings but the pattern is the same; in the species A. vanillae, the orange color is absent but the pattern is consistent and same can be said for the J. coenia but here the blue pattern is observed in the knockout but the pattern is the same.
2.
The function of the optic gene is to produce color in the wings in all the three species but in the last species, the background blue color when optix gene is knocked out is seen.
3. As seen in figure 2 and 3, the orange color of the wings are lost but the pattern on the ring is the same and the pattern is the same in the figure 4 but the color is different. But overall the optix gene is a color coding or color determining gene.
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