Answers
Question 1: Answer C
Please note in a given question, delta G is +2.5 kcal/mol. A positive value of delta G indicates that reaction is endothermic. Energy needs to be provided in the form of ATP to the reaction to occur. Therefore, C is the correct answer.
The reaction cannot occur spontaneously due to positive delta G. Reaction product will have lower free energy only if delta G is negative.
Degradation of the polymer always releases the energy in the form of ATP or NADPH, and hence delta G would be negative.
Question 2: Answer C
Enzyme catalyzes the reactions by lowering the activation energy. Enzymes decrease the amount of energy requires to proceed with the reaction, which is defined as lowering the activation energy. Enzyme is not consumed during chemical reaction, neither has it undergo chemical modification. Enzyme catalyzes both, catabolic as well as anabolic reactions. The enzyme does not change the ∆G value of a given reaction.
Different enzymes have different optimum pH, such as pepsin optimally functions at acidic pH (1.3), lipase (pancreas) optimally functions at pH 8.0, and trypsin optimally functions at (7.8- 8.7 ).
Question 3: Answer B
Electron transport chain plays an essential role during aerobic cellular respiration. In aerobic respiration, oxygen accepts the electron from NADH (and FADH) via a series of biochemical events. Upon acceptance of electron, water split in half and chemically combined with H+, which results in the formation of water molecules. Oxygen does not play a role in substrate levels phosphorylation. Reduction of glucose and CO2 does not occur during aerobic cellular respiration.
In fact glucose oxidizes to CO2 during aerobic cellular respiration.
Question 4: Answer D and E
Glycolysis results in the formation of four ATP, two NADH, and two pyruvate molecules from one glucose molecule. Water and carbon dioxide form in a citric acid cycle, not during glycolysis.
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